If you want a German driving license, you must take driving lessons. You need 14 hours of theory and 12 hours of driving. Next, you must take a theoretical driving exam and a practical driving exam.
How the driving exams work
You take the theoretical exam on a computer. The exam is available in 13 different languages: Arabic, English, French, German, Greek, Italian, Croatian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Spanish and Turkish1, 2.
You take the practical exam in a car. You must drive around the city, and prove that you can park correctly.
The German driving exam is not easy. People often have to take the exam multiple times.
Trade your foreign driving licence
If you already had a driving license in a non-EU, you can drive for 6 months after moving to Germany. After that, your licence is not valid. You must trade your foreign license for a German one. If you have a driving licence from another EU country, it is valid until it expires1.
Depending on where you got your driving licence, you might not need to take any driving classes.
List of English-speaking driving schools
A few driving schools offer driving lessons in English.
You don't need English theory, because most schools let you practice with an app, and the app is available in English. However, you must have an English-speaking instructor if you want to prepare for your practical exam.
Many schools say they offer driving lessons in English, but only offer the online material in English. Always ask if the instructors really speak English.
If a driving school is missing from this list, let me know.